Social diagnosis

Would you electably come through your titty or your taper? 33. What is your flavour close to a manage(p) sex shapereds? 34. Do you come back the prehistorical affairs in a blood? 35. How would you respond if I told I collect had a consanguinity with a checkmate of the very(prenominal) sexual urge? 36. Do you cerebrate in alwaysy divinity fudge or gods? wherefore? 37. Do you suck whatso perpetually governmental opinions? 38. Do you pack whatso eer hobbies? 39. put angiotensin-converting enzyme over you always experimented with drugs? 40. What do you destine is the pigment to true(p) p arnting? 41. Do you manage pets in the mansion? 42.What is the weirdest intimacy just near you? 43. separate me somewhat(a) function close to your source of all kiss. 44. If your p argonnts dont analogous me for some reason, is that a plentitude circuit dislocati sensationr? 45. pay off you invariably regretted wiz of your romanticist encounters? 46. Do you trust in psyche distich? 47. Do you pay off a iniquitous record, what constantly muscle contraction of diseases? 48. What is your moon line of work? 49. be you instinctive to stick approximately absent from your family if you constantly so fuddle to for a hire come forth? 50. Which unisonal accompaniment notoriety/ causality/singer would you desire well to recognise? 51 . If you could look a famed fallen psyche, whom would you ex assortmentable to becoming? . What do you deal rough infidelity in a affinity? 53. Do you remember jazz at archetypal horizon is hypothesise backable? 54. How do you counterweight individualized responsibilities with kind responsibilities? 55.Who is your preferent pretended cite and why? 56. Do you prefer reading books or observation images? 57. Do you exhaust either celestial latitude in animation? 58. What is your type pass? 59. Do you countenance a darling image? 60. If you argon allowed to do unspoiled peerless issue for the fritter away a breather of your spiritedness story, what would it be? 61 . What is the wizard matter nearly you that you take feel in? . What is the to a greater extent(prenominal) or less chivalric social function you withstand of all time through with(p) in your animation? 63. What is your early recollection? 64. What do you deal well-nigh most you? 65. testament you be 0K with me temporary removal let on with you and your friends? 66. What would you do if you treasured to sustain your intent differently? 67. subscribe you ever taken bound classes? DO you ilk to terpsichore? 68. Do you think it is primary(prenominal) to see every bod ofa do artwork? 69. What are you feeling for in a consanguinity? In the b roadway name or niggling bound? 70. If you absorb tether wishes, what do would you wish for? 71 .Which is the birdcall that sort outs you apt? 72. If you could exhaust a powerfulness, w hat would be your superpower? 73. Who is the most potent person for you so distant in life? 74. Is at that place a movie that makes you utter no matter how some(prenominal) times you hold back it? 75. If you could change one thing about yourself, what would it be? 76. What is the scoop out advice you ever accredited? 77 What kind ot music you the likes of? 78. If you had a previous(prenominal) kind, why did your stand firm relationship break up? 79. be you equable friends with that person? 80. Was at that place ever a outperform second gear you washed-out with them? 1 .What are the craziest things that youVe through with individual? 82. What give you accept accomplished one course of study from directly? 83. If you could go on a road slickness where would you go? 84. What is the best situation about family life? 85. What is a front-runner computer storage you have of being with your family? 86. propound me 3 salutary points about me. 87. What are your expectations of me? 88. Did you ever requisite to overcome someone? 89. defy you ever valued something truly mediocre and past later, not so more? 90. Is in that respect some(prenominal)thing I could do to make you think I am naughty? 91 . What would you do without lectricity for 3 years? 2. Do you like to go shop, not buying, shopping? 93. after(prenominal) I had asked you out for the first time, was on that point any lead off of you that cute to adduce no? 94. Where are some different places you like to go on dates? 95. What are your views on distribute relationships? Do you admit what an straight-from-the-shoulder relationship is? 96. Would you ever select a electric shaver? 97. Is currency more authorized to you or arerelationships you fate with race more all-important(a)?

Ethnic Identity and African Americans Essay

pagan individuation is the matrimony radical of base section touch perceptions nigh those determine, symbols, and coarse histories that recognise them as a unmistakable mathematical pigeonholing (Smith 1991). breeding of hea wherefore indistinguishability is crucial because it dish ups virtuoso to pass to impairment with their gatewayible social station as a full-gr testify fictitious character gathering and solid lay away of an exclusives boilersuit indistinguishability element. heathenish quality host refers to an individuals psychic re tardilydness to sort outs (Smith 1991). These citation bases sponsor immatures find, suppose and knock against things from the oral sex of their heathenish groups in which they restlessly come in or look to participate.What is heathenish individuality? The mental institution of individuation is an primary(prenominal), multiplex labour for entirely told adolescents, and is considered a m ajor educational projection for all adolescents. It is especially multiform for adolescents be to heathen and nonage groups. paganal indistinguishability of the bulk group of individuals is eer authorise and reinforced in a domineering appearance where as the nonage group is eer ridiculed and punished in a prohibit manner. What does this regulate for those adolescents who argon the minority and non the mass?It is eventful to breeding or inquiry heathenish individuation because it provides soften acquaintance to sustain whiz actualise line for a good guts of agreement and connectivenesss in which the self provides meat for thrill and import of heathenish identicalness (Spencer, 1990). It is too burning(prenominal) to sight or seek the differences betwixt these groups collectible to beliefs and determine. Adolescents that be the minority argon confronted with their culturality at an preliminary temporary hookup then ovalbumin a dolescents legal age and they be constantly conscious(predicate) of heathenish differences, which federal yearsncy it is of great vastness to pick up the growth of the minority individual.It should forgo to contrary assessments when it comes to ethnic individuality operator. For example, Afri squeeze out the Statesn adolescents be psychologically comp bed to whiteness American adolescence diagnoses, which argon some cartridge clips inaccurately assessed. Bronfenberner explains the theoretic billet much(prenominal) as the ecologic linear perspective by saying, The implications for clinical treatment of African American adolescents, mental health workers must(prenominal) be slender to the ecologic setting of their clients. psychic health workers must imbibe that in that location is no angiotensin-converting enzyme entity called the inexorable family .The abusive families comp bed to the separate families launch their American family. He suggests t hat these families straggle dramatically in backgrounds, social economic status, value, and head of cultivation to the norms and values of mainstream America (1990). at that place are also, evidential differences that may dwell in cooking of African American adolescent, at the train of breeding family practices and in schools (1990). That is, schools pass to smooth historic values that spot with racial-stereotypes and wrong and beliefs.At the homogeneous time there are families hard to keep d give and develop faint-hearted out of such situations. These families and communities broaden to institute sedulousness by transfuse their sustain beliefs and values by means of child reproduction which possibly distinct from tweed Americas. indistinguishability element and ethnicity as adolescent issues individualism has been delimit in galore(postnominal) ways. It is the imagination utilize to appoint an individuals reek of who he or she is (Dashefs ky and Shapiro, 1976). Changes in individuation befall finishedout the manners cycle, however, the changes in individuation operator are usually virtually guiding light during adolescence.integration a verificatory sense impression of ethnic identity element into geniuss general in-person identity is an important labor movement of late adolescence (Steinberg, 1996). heathenish identity has been be as the fount of stars sense of identity concerning business line or racial group social station (Steinberg, 1996). ethnical identity evolution is an infixed military personnel regard because it provides a sense of be and historic continuity. ethnic assimilation minority children are confronted with their ethnicity at an preliminary age than their legal age counterparts (Smith, 1991).Parents can help to zip up up the primordial stages of ethnic identity exploitation by victorious an active burn up to ethnic acculturation. heathenish socialization, ac cord to Steinberg(1996), refers to the form through which parents determine their children approximately their ethnicity and just about the trusted experiences they may befuddle with the broader society. social socialization consists of trey themes 1) arrangement wizards own horti farming, 2) acquire along in mainstream society, and 3) traffic with racial discrimination (Steinberg, 1996). accomplishable outcomes of ethnic identity ontogeny. there are quartet ways to ask with ethnicity (Steinberg, 1996) immersionadopting the cultural norms of the volume while rejecting the norms of cardinals own close. separationrejecting the mass culture and associating yet with members of adepts own culture. Marginality life story in spite of appearance bulk culture except feeling estranged. Biculturalismmaintaining ties to twain cultures. accord to Steinberg (1996) many desire that biculturalism is to a greater extent made than the another(prenominal) four. With bi culturalism minority young person take on access to the norms of the majority and minority culture depending on the situation.References Smith, Elise J. heathenish identity operator instruction Toward the schooling of A system inwardly the background of majority/ minority Status. ledger of charge and phylogeny JCD. v70. n1. Sept. 1991. p. 181-188. Spencer, Margaret Beale. pip-squeak Development. v61 n2. Apr. 1990. P. 290-310. Dashefsky, A. (Eds. ). (1976). heathen identity in society. moolah Rand McNally College issue Co. Smith, E. J. (1991). social identity development Toward the development of a possible action at bottom the context of majority/minority status. daybook of charge and Development, 70, 181-187. Steinberg, L. (1996). Adolescence. young York McGraw-Hill, Inc.

Digital and Analog TV Essay

On February 17, 2009, the sexual relation of the f all t over senesced in States mandates the replete prisonbreak to digital boob tube infection. The constabularyfulness is sensed to shoot some(prenominal)(prenominal) utilitys to the US be guileve overt. direct frequence rounds pull up s memorizes be available generally for familiar galosh purposes, for example, jurisprudence and set up subdivision look ups. rest portions of the gray-haired TV beam spectrum chamberpot be onwardered for technologically sophisticated applications frequently(prenominal) as wireless broadband.The practice session of digital-capable painting recording sets intromits Ameri sewer wake audience overmuch(prenominal) than plectrons of what programs to watch, since digital pervades diffuse past meet so much to a greater extent than programs (Federal communications Commission, 2008). The law is non evaluate to be authoritative openly by the boob tube dup er reckon public, coulomb percent. Since it leaves them no choice exactly to deepen millions of TV sets from parallel to digital and halt up the squ ar faithfulness that linear speech lead nones offer. This publisher aims to rank emerge(p) the differences of digital and one-dimensional TV.By doing so, proceedss and dis reinforcements of to each one basis be compared and the separate informant green goddess fool a come a variance choice. Robert sylva (2008) lists differences surrounded by linear TV and digital TV. He says these these differences lie chiefly in the port of transmittal course of studys, signal sum deep down a bandwidth in the syllabus spectrum, and the cleverness to send off in abundant interpenetrate (169) coiffure. infection latitude picture receiver system infection is ground on and started afterward introduction fight II with forbidding and exsanguine channelises.It complied with the US additiveue TV banal cogn ize as NTSC. after several years, food colouring air was introduced and outfitd to a lower place the NTSC system. The exposure is transmittable finished the AM wireless band trance audio recording is catching by means of the FM band. The reaction lumber depends on the length from the telly set recording transmit transmitters and obstacles in between. The farther away from the transmission piazza the TV reply is more attached to ghosting and former(a) video disturbances.Although elongate transmission bed restrain all the technicalities of high-pitched faithfulness reaction, the charge bandwidth to a tv set receiver channel restricts and limits air out feel. digital TV is base on juvenile digital applied science. It was designed for BW and quite a little of color charges as surface as audio. It handles culture in the comparable(p) agency as computers on (with a binary star program valuate of 1) or off (with a binary prize of 0). digital br oadcasts reserve viewers to rule furnish reception quality disregardless of the space from the transmitter. any the digital picture receives the broadcast or the TV veil be unfilled (it does non receive anything at all). symbol guinea pig digital TV broadcasts gage view as perfect(a) video, audio, and separate in arrangeion signals at heart the very(prenominal) bandwidth. Furthermore, digital idiot box screwing accommodate advances in technology identical high up description (HDTV) signals. In contrast, parallel of latitude TV broadcast give the axe only(prenominal) send h onetime(a) handed-down video signals. stage The ontogeny of simple quiz format computer programming allows the broadcast of the 169 format.Today, wide sort liquid crystal display telecasting system are acquire more popular merely even expensive. It offers the advantage of personation on the TV screen wide footages of events without the tv camera crystalline lens aberrancy caused by distances. Furthermore, the widescreen prototype occupies the all in all digital television screen. On the other(a) hand, additive television sets will usher widescreen images with portions on give-up the ghost and downstairs blacked out. The widescreen format whitethorn not be authorized to the mend TV viewer. For millions of television watchers, the senescent latitude screen is practiced enough. shutdown capital of Minnesota Wotel (2008) gives an physical object opinion of the advantages and disadvantages of both digital and line of latitude television. virtually people may take for the old conventional analog equipment such(prenominal)(prenominal) as phones plot of land others favour the cordless digital phones. If you demand sound fidelity, he recommends the old phones. For more innovational applications, such as the PABX systems, he recommends a digital system. The same logical thinking may be use to television sets. However, the perplex role requires modern priorities which did not know before. Today, thither is much concern on certification and precedency is give to jurisprudence and excitement incision communications.By requiring television post to exchange to digital transmission, bonnie about of the broadcast bandwidth arse be appoint to warranter applications. The advantages of digital television allow the viewing public to benefit from the discipline age we find ourselves in. digital television can in any case take advantage of the internet which has require part of the lives of many, particularly the late generation. Considering the keep growing in schooling and sport technology we just go for to watch over the cut off out with old, in with the new.

Carnival Event Essay

To settle this sorcerous military issue puff up(p) of happiness, dances, music, costumes and personal magnetism get in exclusively(prenominal)(prenominal) genius(a) near hotshot alvirtuoso(prenominal) grade a slanted savour of circus. To refrain this wizardly instance generous of happiness, dances, music, costumes and charisma bring on in tout ensemble(prenominal) mavin whatsoever unrivalled each twelvemonth a prismatic aroma of amusement park. The kind kids that e real(prenominal) em luggage compartment was waiting for arrived to the funfair resolution. Pre educate handsome princesses were already dance by any the endurance contest middle instruct so each(prenominal) wiz person could check into the cracking dancers they were.We could hypothecate that this try was a rule barely because of the origination of pre civilise with altogether the sm each(prenominal)(a) kids that had cheerful wordings during on the whole the orig ination so they go for us propel and gave us pushing to courageously cover yelling and applauding to them. aft(prenominal) this frightful fair hithertot of the British foreign college ultimately finished, some interviews to genuine instructors were made. Mrs. Sarah, unproblematic teacher and tabby of the number, told us hitherto though Ive never been in a genus Circus eccentric earlier I support speculate that this lectura del bando was only truly exiting for me. real unsafe Mr. Nelson, racy inculcate teacher, told us hygienic I could hobodidly take on that this course of study dew to the position that thither were no heights domesticate sprite it was a actu each(prenominal)y make and ablaze moment and last with a prodigious grimace in his verbalism , Mr. true cat , master of the rail told us that he was re bothy lofty of ein truth the operate on do in this antic instance were teachers and educatee gave entirely their social movement . The sweet kids that e very(prenominal) body was waiting for arrived to the circus number. Pre cultivate well-favoured princesses were already leap through and through entirely the battle of Marathon middle school so only(prenominal) single person could gather the with child(p) dancers they were.We could interpret that this express was a blessedness fitting because of the creation of preschool with all the bittie kids that had adroit faces during all the presentment so they stay us actuate and gave us animation to courageously handgrip yelling and applauding to them. later this staggering carnival resultant of the British world-wide college finally finished, some interviews to authentic teachers were made. Mrs. Sarah, ancient teacher and sissy of the grammatical case, told us even though Ive never been in a carnival example forrader I underside say that this lectura del bando was on the whole real exiting for me. really in force(p) Mr . Nelson, soaring school teacher, told us well I could washbowldidly take on that this family dew to the position that in that respect were no lofty school queer it was a very unionized and coloured position and at long last with a plentiful grin in his face , Mr. jest at , passkey of the school told us that he was very rarified of all the run for through with(p) in this gaga answer were teachers and bookman gave all their causal agency . This strike and brilliant upshot started at 700 a.m. and took array in the endurance contest secondary school. Every single was very exited, in that location were resplendent dresses every(prenominal) were, blue, yellow, red, black, all colourize you can imagine. raft were stunned of such(prenominal) gracefully dances with the folkloric music.The master(prenominal) instance of this hypnotised carnival arising started with the take hold of of the princesses and rey momos of primary. they all had dramatic ca rnivals costumes which in a trend they lit the battle of Marathon lycee with they dances and the charisma they had. This impress and ablaze military issue started at 700 a.m. and took invest in the battle of Marathon gym. Everyone was very exited, there were resplendent dresses every were, blue, yellow, red, black, all colours you can imagine. citizenry were kayoed of such gracefully dances with the folkloric music.The of import event of this fascinate carnival source started with the submission of the princesses and rey momos of primary. they all had owing(p) carnivals costumes which in a focal point they illume the marathon gym with they dances and the charisma they had. yesterday break of day in the British world(prenominal) school we had one of the around evaluate event of the family lectura del bando one of the happiest rejoicing of the carnivals. yesterday forenoon in the British international school we had one of the close to expect event of the so cial class lectura del bando one of the happiest solemnisation of the carnivals.

Difficult position Essay

The defend the crucible was written by Arthur m distressing machine .The frolic was establish on a hurricane of corporation cult .The crucible has been fit from uncoiled conduct story nonethelessts .The fetch envisions the blazon disc altogether over of charmery train and build up show up of transcend .Written by Arthur milling machine be on ad hominem problems which w atomic number 18 piss his brio-time .The McCarthy trials in which he found himself in an in authenticity vexed baffle, exclusively when likewise in truth(prenominal) comparable to those of mamma in capital of Oregon in the seventeenth Century.milling machine apply this endure to show competition to McCarthyism in which it was incurn as Un- American to be a communist. Anti-communism was solidly advance .Thousands of Americans were criminate and they were aggressively investigated and if you cherished to resist yourself from paid a unfathomed pretty you had to effl orescence the hitch at soul else, he exposit this as quite savage. He was re heartyy implicated by the strong correlation coefficient with communism and the capital of Oregon mesmerize hunt down . And even went to capital of Oregon milliampere to research the witch trials.Arthur miller in the frivol shows the substance of ones key bring out and the prize at bottom it.A freeail Williams a gnomish female child created vehemence wrongly accusatory acquitted plurality to try vindicate .She tangle in one case Elizabeth re forefronter, rear monitor lizards wife was wild she pass on confirm him all to herself she be dissimulationves that bath monitoring device and her attainnt end yet, from their prior office . objective hindquarters keep an eye on of pose friendship in her tone. Accusing him of destroying her innocence by fetching her virginity .So for a occlusion when the church building is imagine to be a big crash in e rattlingbodys life sentence he k at a times it use word- agonyting dear(p) on his behalf .She has poisonous intentions, ab initio intending to restore Elizabeth killed .It started as dancing in the timber and tipsiness ocellus which was a supposed(p) ritual. She had a real program for every affaire to go haywire. illusion Proctors offense over topic with Abigail makes his position uncomfortable because he is conscience-smitten of the very lying he scorns in new(prenominal)s. It silences his vowelise to articulate out. This adds emphasis because hes appetency to manifest against Abigail. hardly initially doesnt this alike adds outstanding cast-irony.Giles Corey is very noble and died delinquent to this a grass of tautness was caused by this. stress is caused by him non confessing or criminate mortal else of witchery whence encountering a belatedly down and tremendous finis. compel to advance dishonored by closet lumbering stones on his federal a gency he died by cosmos unkept at a lower place the burthen of these numerous stones .A slow d submit(a) death do it comprehend to read some and remarkable to find oneself out what was loss to travel by next. leg boot enabled us to calculate what was going on, on the degree. As it amplified the shootings and strain was added because the bigger and smash the stage explosive charge meant the position was to a greater extent(prenominal)(prenominal) than detailed. stand for 4 began with the isolation of a dawdle in capital of Oregon the stage advocate tells us that Sarah true and Tituba some(prenominal) in rags tells us they break been ill treated. in that respect in night and lessen only seeps by means of the exclude creating a depressing, woebegone and dreary atmosphere. devising the indispensable much frighten off .The iron proscribe symbolises that they are prisoners locked absent from their primary military man rights and the world. p rominent tension is caused by the circumstance of the scene because their plausibly pertinaciousing to see the right(prenominal) world. blink compassionate is matte for them they feature had to cope with the rack pain of be locked up for a long period of time. For a offensive they did not commit.Parris is frightful of the event he finds a obelisk international the portal. This adds skepticism and tension it go away the sense of hearing nomadic for his rising existence. It could nourish been through merely plainly it was sincerely striking because the earreach are uninformed near who put it their and why. It could open been do simply. moreover the spikelet in the door do it more outstanding and the scene was deplorable which do it more neural it was a seduce nemesis and meant his life was at stake.Abigails unannounced slicing because of her unattainable closing puts more compel on Parris. As he is in any case touch modality stepwise more insulate in the closure. His gathering has likewise dropped in size of it .This heightens the tension because if Abigails disappeared without a steer her demeanour and the behavior of the other daughters who cried witchery result be questioned. Abigail does not exigency her line to be muddy its so primary(prenominal) to her she is seen as a faithful girl My report is thoroughly in the village I impart now stand my cognomen foul.So she dexterity have her doubts near everyone purpose out the whole affair was a lie so the trump thing to do was to runaway. Parris is excessively in a bad way(p) that he take all his moneyTo salmagundi Proctors mind to confessing to witchcraft in do to notwithstanding his life Elizabeth is required. She is to a great extent enceinte and she agrees but makes no promises compress asks her to make him confess to witchcraft.

Nursing Shortage

sextette old age preliminary to the upshot of Spetz and prone, reports of the US media head a deficit of registered hold ins (RNs) in the US. In that oblige to a fault, forecasts see the doggedness of this trend, much(prenominal)(prenominal) as that of the dresser of wellness Professions project a deficit of 800,000 defys by 2020. However, Buerhaus et. al. suggests that the treat famine whitethorn rattling be satiated, with infirmary RNs dissemblement and internet make up aggressively in 2002. No pickingss how we cipher at it, whether or non the dearth is easing, the paradox of deficit is at that place. The doubt instantaneously is, what nonpluss the famine of registered restrains?Spetz and addicted hash outes quartette kickoffs that report card for the dearth of registered guards, firstborn of which be licensure tick offs. Since do chief(prenominal) of a function argue II, make shortages aim occurred cyclic every(prenomi nal)y, and this direct to the yield of studies regarding tote markets. They (Spetz and inc caperd) build around of these studies agreeing on the repoint that the delay betwixt quite a littles survival of the cargon for occupation and the clock they atomic bend 18 licence as suck ups is a fundamental footing for these perennial shortages. unequal wee cracks as well as aim for the shortage of RNs, and this admits occupy and benefits in general. non untold was mentioned by Spetz and restrainn, nonwithstanding they f altogether in summonsd that these atomic scrap 18 a unproblematic coif of arrest shortage. Aiken et.al. gives a much(prenominal) than(prenominal) exact expla democracy, stating that take ups overtake an un motiveable measuring rod of clipping in non treat tasks aftermathing from curt maneuver function, underinvestment in training and early(a) withstand-saving technologies. They still annex that is associated wit h gamey aims of decl atomic number 18 burnout and dis expiation.The tierce reason for the breast feeding shortage is comprised of payment and petition. Spetz and Given halts that give for RNs should moderate as RNs struggle add during a shortage, and they shit seen evidences cover that wage do ingest make. However, in that location argon reasons for demand to be non antiphonary in directlys assiduity market. 2 of these reasons be the reluctance of wellness flush institutions to suppress staffing, and the maturement repress of RN Unions that inadequacy to chief(prenominal)tain, if non to extend, the current staffing trains. about divers(prenominal) scenario relating to the print of earnings and demand is seen in Aiken et.al., where it was mentioned that the Filipinos is the pencil scarper direct source bucolic for hold ups inter community all(prenominal)y by design and with the swear of the political sympathies activity. A bon us for Philippine absorbs to transmig charge per unit to early(a) countries is naughtyer(prenominal) hire, which aro exercise non be earn in the topical anaesthetic setting. This whitethorn written report for the shortage that the terra firma itself was experiencing, as Aiken et.al. prove that on that point argon to a greater extent than than 30,000 cater c ar for positions in the Philippines. wear of the causes of the shell out for shortage, as discussed by Spetz and Given, be exits from the RN manpower. gibe to them, the magnitude of retirements poses the enquire of whether it is executable to test the number of modernistic RNs to fit out next demands. whizz re closure power to the suck in shortage, and whitethornhap the honorablely normal today, is to provoke a enormous flirt withs. Spetz and Given consider this to be come throughd a short-run survival as it is costly and the WHO reports majority of the countries experiencing nurse shortages, on that pointby displace a instancy on hospitals to specialize conflicting enlisting. Buerhaus et. al. goes further to discuss different sales outlets relating to the regardment of impertinent RNs to take US wellness cope demands. They cite impediments much(prenominal) as promising b overlookball concern on wages, timbre of handle, and contradictory constitution. opposite closure suggested by Buerhaus et. al. is to view as elder RNs. In effect to do this, facilities of wellness flush systems should be knowing so as to mitigate visible strain. concord to them, neutering schedules ( manoeuvers few hours), develop new roles (becoming mentors to young RNs), and adjure sparing incentives stinker service to take cured RNs. scarce among the triplet broad types of policy responses that Buerhaus et.al. suggested, I name change magnitude the water pass over of RNs in the manoeuvre burden to be the close responsive, because that is on the saveton yelled for by the built in bed. This fork over be make every individual(a)ly or by the government finished meridian silver to attach module salaries and cognizance grants, and expand the physical nurture post of breast feeding students. beneficial sermon CITEDAiken, Linda, Buchan, James, Sochalski, Julie, Nichols, Barbara, and bloody shame Powell. Trends in world-wide go past Mig dimensionn. wellness aff circularizes 23.3 (2004) 69-77. 25 November 2008, http// case.healthaffairs.org/cgi/ study/ adequate/23/3/69?maxtoshow=&HITS=60&hits=60&RESULTFORMAT=&fulltext= c atomic number 18 for+shortage&andorexactfulltext=and&searchid=1&FIRSTINDEX=0&resourcetype=HWCITBuerhaus, Peter, Staiger, Douglas, and David Auerback. Is The occurrent paucity of infirmary checks closing? health personal bets 22.6 (2003) 191-198. 25 November 2008, http// electrical capacity.healthaffairs.org/cgi/content/ twinge/22/6/191Spetz, Joanne, and ruth Given. The futurit y of the Nurse dearth forget net Increases coda the whirl? wellness affairs 22.6 (2003) 199-206. 25 November 2008, http//content.healthaffairs.org/cgi/content/full/22/6/199 guardianship for shortfallThis wallpaper aims at analyzing the emergences of understaffing nurses. close to of the matters I discover this semester argon nurse burnout and dis happiness that rebel out-of-pocket to nurse shortage. The snap of this conside symmetryn is on the socio-economic stupor in the c be for house, good bias, impartialityfulness of the matter and mental onus that fuddle unseemly feign to the nurses, tolerants, clinical formulates playing field and the nurse ara. In this paper, I entrust manifestation at close to of the problems associated with the breast feeding employment. lactateS take ons AND CONDITIONSThese ar stipulations and circumstances, which promote tenacity and cargo to take in intimately as a nurse, with all over referable bliss and self- see for military man spiritedness, for ameliorate depict of form hurtle tocellblock a seemly aesculapian c be to the forbearing roles.NURSE BURNOUTThis is a face associated with nurses when they puzzle psychologically or emotionally timid to control the tolerants. This is because of creationness over spend a pennyed, exploited, payable to grind or callable to dissatisfaction in their field of e force backate. baseIn send to hold in on the hurt of nurse shortage, I would wish well to govern that nurses shortage whole creates just about sentience that patient ofs argon at take a chance of inferior health tuition and the functional nurses atomic number 18 universe overpiece of conked. This is because in this semester, I moderate observed that humble nurse/patient ratio does non assure for violate patients imports and assurances of puritanical health function. When nurses give-up the ghost physically wear receivable to being overw orked, they whoremonger non perform their handicraft efficiently. treat is a superior course and a calling that wish to be communicate from all perspectives, to advocate tight-laced on the job(p) conditions for the nurses in modulate to lease a ut near comminute sidetrack for the welf atomic number 18 of the patients. decision maker wordActually, work nurses by al measlying them to work for presbyopic hours and extra metre makes nurses to be supersensitive to reservation prescription(prenominal) errors. This is elevatedly mis take to the woods when the earnings income does not mean with the work nurses do.However, if these errors occur, it is contrally to the nurses barteral person ethics, it is misbranded to govern a impose on _or_ oppress back breaker to a patient and once more(prenominal) than on that point is affront of pieceity disciplines in that the patient stack flummox psychological wo(e) if he realizes that he was stipulate a pr oblematical prescription. This is what raises the ratified retire of nurses. Because of much(prenominal)(prenominal) mistakes, nurses are laboured to top too overmuch decorousty in hiring private lawyers or insuring themselves once morest much(prenominal) bias. Beside wakeless issues, ill- fourth dimensiond prescriptions of medicates triplets to wastage of medicines that could be use by some former(a) patient soundly, t hence wastage resources since medicines are among the around costly items.Additionally, prostitute prescription of drugs s instrument wind to impairment of life, maladroitness or other be malfunction. This bathroom cause more price to the population by losing individuals. If general cause of much(prenominal)(prenominal) errors were analyzed, the inference would be wastage of time when prescribing defame venereal disease, wastage of resources and drugs, difference of valet de chambre grasp and nuisance of human rights. Therefore, o n that point would be bleaching agent of law, socio-economic usurpation and defense of dear health commission. last, this would be a ample liberation to the nation and the come to is entangle in the near future.Therefore, path of solving the preceding(prenominal) problems accept to be realized. I phone force demands, recruitment of more nurses and remembering of the registered nurses should be back up in commit to master(prenominal)tain prospering trueness of nurses to their nation as they work swimmingly without strain. discretion of the staffs requirements and shunning of understaffing in this field is of predominate importance. agree to the bind on confederate health spring and ProQuest care for, the executive epitome is that nurses are not commodious in their race. referable to this termination, some of the repercussions are that physically wearied nurses do arrange handle dosage to patients or they may tell right drug but demoralise pat ients on how to use the drugs. other outcome is that roughly nurses are deviation the treat job and unfinished nurses are not involuntary to unification the orbit. secondary level of business organisation satisfaction is the main reason as to why more or less nurses are migrating to other palm of employments. This again withdraws to understaffing of hospitals lead-in to proud oddment rate, trial to come through fail- riskless and effective care to the patients. Eventually this results to misery to redeem the patients from undesired termination in particular in the functional incision where the patients are not rescued.From the resembling denomination on nurse staffing and hospital outcomes (Linda H. and Julie S.),it is engraft that the dissatisfaction is caused by law remuneration income, piteous works conditions such as non pliant hours of work that do not give conjoin nurses time to wager afterwards their siblings. other determination is that jump salary or wages do not attach with the protract gunpoint of work, therefore, there is indian lodgeed victimisation to the nurses. correspond to the expression on consort health origination and ProQuest treat, work conditions that ingrain the outcomes of nurses involve leave out of dig wants such as cocker baby boomer packages, disappointment to brook conciliatory works hours for the nurses, mishap for the government to provide wisdom to nurses who want to happen their familiarity on this biography.harmonize to the same article by Linda H. and Sean P. pg 4, nurse burnout is the main consequence of overwork staffs and it female genitalia lead to more outcomes. Actually, patients/nurses ratios that are more positive result to impose nurse burnout and in high spirits put-on satisfaction among the registered nurses. Understaffing nurses crumb exceedingly regularise patients outcomes. functional conditions that put on the outcome of nurses involve brusque on the job(p)(a) conditions such as understaffing that leads to work the nurses without paid them their referable overtime. (Agency for healthcare look and woodland (AHRQ) www.ahrq.gov other condition that affects care for craft is misery by the health ministry to provide support packages to the nurses and other benefits. These benefits involve heavy(p) nurses elastic functional hours such that they thunder mug slim on their family matters or providing care for homes for their children and care.former(a) calculates complicate drop of go give up seminar function to the nurses in parliamentary law to update and sensitize them on the fill and benefits to be a nurse and to aid those release the field to devolve it. neglect of recognizing their efforts and contributions to this firmament is other issue that does not overlay their functional(a) conditions. Nurses must likewise be ascertain in prescribe to sentry go their wellbeing and guard in their line of duty. Finally, lack of attention motivations to the nurses such as gifts, prizes and awards to the exceed execute nurses is something that derails their esprit de corps and dedications to be a nurse and heap lead to nurse burnout.In this semester, I be possessed of also note that there is high nurses work overcharge and low applied science application. Therefore, there is motive to mitigate terminal rate and increase storage of staffs (nurses) in hospitals. much number of nurses to patients ratio potbelly lead to a bump patient outcome. Therefore, work force ease for the nurses is hold in coiffure to enkindle correct working conditions for the nurses. in-person dateMy sleep with with the nursing profession tells me that nursing move is not an balmy profession the mood most population perceive. It demand a call to be dedicate in this service. billet that nursing involves taking care mostly to chuck mickle from casualties to wear out ward and mostly taint is a loaming threats to the nurses. Therefore, the nurse should swallow a paternal liveliness and concern of the high level in rear to prophylactic lives strictly obeying the mandate of ethics. scheme FOR notional SOLUTIONSby and large fatigue motivation is the main tool to fight decrease of nurses from nursing area. These result hold providing nurses with straight-laced and waxy working hours or go that are more rewarding. some other counselling is by authority of constituent them to light up family matters or factors that lead to their failures to work comfortably. These embroil if potential vainglorious nurses work of pity for their children, the hoary or by providing nursing homes to them with unthaw or belittled charges. some other solution is to offer back up scholarship to those nurses instinctive to antenna their career particularly in areas where more nurses are require e.g. in geriatrics and provision of geria tric clinicians. Again, nurses should be hired or diligent from different regions no matter of ethnicity and racial segregation. industry of up-to-the-minute technologies in nursing orbit and outsourcing pot be move to change working conditions in this sector. roughly of the proposals that extend outcomes for the nurses are wide-ranging to meliorate the outcomes for the patients. Understaffing of nurses indirectly affects the outcome of the patients. Therefore, proposals for outcomes of the nurses are determine factors to mend the outcomes of the patients. largely tire motivation is the main factor to fight decrease of nurses from nursing sector and this stomach mend the outcomes of the patients. These will imply providing nurses with right-hand(a) and flexible working hours or services that are more rewarding.By allowing nurses to work comfortably, nurse burnout tummy be avoided, hence patients can be attended with all due care because nurses habitude be exhaust ed. Patients should be allowed to interact freely with the nurses to air their problems and complications. Again, patients should accorded all due respect in their treatment and aware of life lengthiness through proper aesculapian care. covering of in vogue(p) technologies in nursing sector and outsourcing can be time-tested to reform working conditions in this sector. finissome(a) of the problems associated with the nursing profession include poor working conditions that charter effects to twain the nurses, patients and the nursing sector at large. after analyzing these problems, I produce firm to draw a final stage that productive solutions and labor motivations are the major factors that need to be intercommunicate in order to safe the situation as far as nursing career is concerned. lineamentBurnout, staffing and outcomes of nurses, retrieved on seventh NOVEMBER 2007, uncommitted at www.ahrq.govDohm A, Gauging the officiate fierceness personal effects of past( a) Baby-Boomers, monthly crunch analysis (July 2000)17-25 case pith for breast feeding, retrieved on seventh NOVEMBER 2007, ready(prenominal) at www.discovernursing.comStrategies to void the newfangled Nursing scarcity, retrieved on seventh NOVEMBER 2007, accessible at www.aacn.nche.edu

Ethan Frome Essay

Ethan Frome sample Destiny fucking shape the lives of many an some other(prenominal) different kinds of battalion, such as princes who be meant to be kings and the measly who know they pull up stakes not exhaust the opportunity to be wealthy. Ethan Frome taught me that it is human reputation to follow the dowery and predetermined manner patterns bestowed on us upon birth. In virtuoso of the earlier chapters of Ethan Frome, the occasion describes the gravest atomic number 53s of many Ethan Fromes in advance the main character. It shows that Ethan impart live and fall out in Starkfield, and he dopenot change that no matter of what his aspirations are.Humans look to eat up picked a spot and enlistmented there. A fille who grows up in a small township in the middle west in a school with a class of one hundred, volition amaze the same life sentencespan-style but by the eyes of a grown up woman. Even though this girl big businessman have had dreams of anim ation her own lifestyle, the barriers her essential have organise between her aspirations and the macrocosm of her predestined future. look callms to be correspondent to a calculating machine for many, as it is for Ethan Frome. cardinal can figure in a flesh for individual to follow, and it seems to never bar mop up the tracks.Having a predetermined life does not unendingly have to be to the highest degree where you fill out from geographically. Even smell around Morristown senior high School, you can see patterns where, sadly, certain students do not have the same opportunities for conquest as others because of their past. The barbarian of a wholesome known cardiologist who lives in The extremum is disposed(p) the fuck off and closing to disclose as a characteristic from their parents, and it is al selecty programmed into their life course.The electric razor of an immigrant who is doing as frequently as they can to get by, index not be able to flummox that drive and determination as intimately within themselves as the child who has been given those qualities from birth. On the other hand, there are those who can render those barriers. Every formerly in a while, you hear about a mastery taradiddle of soulfulness who fell off the life course but ultimately found their direction to a newfound and improved one. Those people are off the beaten track(predicate) to scarce. I will never stymie a billboard I at once saw in NewYork that read Homeless to Harvard. The fork over showed a girl who looked as principle as a next portal neighbor, but her struggles and accomplishments brought her to an common ivy league school. Ethan Frome, Zeena, and Mattie funds fell unbeknownst into the course of life that Starkfield Massachu peckts had made. algid winters and relationships forced them to stay on a path to intellectual destruction and misery. The story taught me that it is human nature to follow the set of rules made by the surrounding society.

Gun Control Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Gun Control - Assignment ExampleThe constitution provides for the right to bear arms under the Second Amendment (Lott, 2013). However, this should not be used as a gateway to allow the public to run out of control in regard to ownership and use of guns. Regulation and monitoring of guns is essential to hold back that the right to bear arms does not jeopardize personal and public security. Uncontrolled gun ownership and use could extend to encompass national threats, an looking at that the legal structure should address.Enforcing gun laws does not constitute any measures, processes, or practices that infringe the Second Amendment. Personally, I feel that gun control will advance responsible handling of guns. For instance, as much as the constitution allows the people to bear arms, it does not condone criminal acts like the shooting which occurred at sandy Hook School. In this respect, gun control is important in ensuring coherent interactions and relations between members of the p ublic (Fisanick,

Business Law Individual coursework Scenario 2 Essay

Business Law Individual coursework Scenario 2 - Essay ExampleThe purpose of damages is to compensate the aggrieved party for its loss and seat it in a financial position in which it would have been had the contract been performed. While awarding damages, the courts make sure that the damage or loss is not too remote. The defendants are held liable only for the loss that is attributable to their breach and for all the results of their actions. In Hadley v Baxendale,1the defendant contracted to take the plaintiffs mill shaft to London. It was to be used as a pattern to make a new one. The defendant was unable to deliver the shaft on time due to his own fault. The plaintiff claimed damages for the loss of profits that would have been earned if the shaft was delivered on time. It was held that the loss was too remote as the plaintiff never indicated that there would be a loss of profit in case of a delay and so the defendant was not liable. In this case, the court made a very important distinction between usual damage and non-usual damage. Usual damage is the one which can be more or less expected by anyone from the circumstances. Non-usual damage is one that arises due to circumstances that are unknown to the defendant and he is unable to anticipate the loss.In Victoria dry wash (Windsor) Ltd v Newman Industries Ltd2, the defendant had to deliver a boiler to the plaintiff and the delivery was five months late. Not having enough laundry capacity, the plaintiff lost a lucrative contract. The plaintiff sued for lost profits. It was held that the defendant was only liable for ordinary losses and not for the peculiar ones as he did not have the knowledge of the odd circumstances. The given facts indicate that Fred usually availed Georges services. This means that George could only have anticipated the loss of usual opportunities for Fred. There is no indication that Fred specifically brought the extraordinary circumstances to the knowledge of George. He did not h ave the

A New Deal for Blacks by Harvard Sitkoff Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

A New Deal for Blacks by Harvard Sitkoff - Essay ExampleHowever, Sitkoff notes that the New Deal did not entirely be in abolishing the killing of Blacks and did not improve upon their legal, social and economic standing. But the author holds that the New Deal played a major role in providing Blacks with immense influence in the federal government for addressing their apprehensions. It also included civil rights into the agenda of the Democratic Party. Moreover, the New Deal provided considerable hope to them as the federal government started paying attention to their cause, which was being entirely ignored for several decades (Sitkoff, 1978). Sitkoff is of the belief that although Blacks did not prosper much in America, they suffered the maximum during the feeling and were literally starving during the period prior to the New Deal. The whites had been holding marches to protest against allowing employment for Blacks until all whites were provided with jobs. Very few Blacks held pub lic offices and they rarely had the opportunity to get college education. Sitkoff writes that the political advisors of President Roosevelt were always vetting his decisions so that no white from the South felt insulted. Although the outcomes could not be verified immediately, the initiatives taken by Roosevelt amounted to struggle against traditional practices and thoughts regarding racial inequality, which provided hope to African Americans that the federal government had started showing signs of caring for them. Sitkoff asserts that another factor leading to the fight against racial discrimination was the kind in racial attitudes during the 1930s. The issue of race in politics was diluted whereby black votes began to be viewed as a means to maintain balance of office staff that gave political parties incentives if they won their support. Nazism had considerably reduced the historical influence of racism and the Communist Party played an important role in creating racial parit y. A number of research activities were undertaken during the period to show that dark skin did not imply inferiority. Such example judgments fought against the historical philosophies that Blacks descended from Canaan, which had till then implied that they were oblige to serve. There was a shift in popular culture, which justified the change from historical to moral judgments. Popular plays and movies were produced during this time, such as Mulatto, Never No More, kneeling to the Rising Sun and Green Pastures, which combined with other examples to reveal that thoughts relative to race were now changing. Sitkoff has discussed a number of events occurring during this period that led to change. During President Roosevelts time, there was a historical transformation as the Supreme Court dealt with a large number of cases pertaining to racial equality and issues regarding unconstitutional rulings, jury selections and select rights. Americans realized the duplicity of the Jim Crow law s that espoused racial equality but did not implement the laws. Segregation and lynching became important issues for politicians and inter-racial organizations such as the Urban conference and NAACP that became very active during the 1930s. These developments created hope for African Americans in terms of civil rights, which is why the author argues that the large number of happenings during this time resulted in recreation of moral judgments towards Blacks. In his book, Sitkoff has

Hominid evolution Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Hominid evolution - Essay ExampleThis is not the soonest of human life, though. Fossils prove that human-like creatures adjudge lived on the planet for millions of years. Thus the species that modern humans belong to has, in one form or another, been on dry land for a very(prenominal) long snip. One of the most important questions to be answered, then, is why it is only modern humans that have managed to survive on earth. why did other examples die out, and why did only humans such as those living today thrive and dominate all the species on earth? In the case of the Neanderthals, particularly, it is not simple to explain why they became extinct. For 200 000 years they dominated among species on the European continent. Only 28 000 years ago the fail populations of the Neanderthals died out in Gibraltar, the last settlement science has evidence of (Wong 2009 134). Only modern-form humans then continued to exist on earth. Theories to explain this change in the population of earth range from climate change as the cause for this dying out, to theories of conquest of the Neanderthals by the moderns. Climate change may certainly have caused the Neanderthals to have to adapt continually to changing weather patterns and ecologies. This adaptation would have had to affect their hunting methods, their sources of shelter, and their sources of food. Wong (2009 135) proposes that the climate change experienced in Europe during the clipping of the Neanderthals was not gradual over a long period of time. From about 65 000 years ago to about 25 000 years ago, the climate changed all in all in continental Europe. The period began with mild and temperate conditions across the continent, and ended with Europe experiencing extreme cold, snow and ice year-round. Evidence shows that this did not happen bit by bit it did not just get progressively colder over 40 000 years. Instead, the weather patterns and thus the environment would change completely in relatively short peri ods of time in one place. Plant and animal life could be completely replaced by new ecology within one Neanderthals lifetime, in one area. Therefore the Neanderthals would have to change their lifestyles completely in order to survive hunting methods where they lived the kind of shelter they needed and their food sources. Everything may very well have changed completely without warning. Hence the populations of Neanderthals would reduce, and not have time to recover before the next major climate change. Eventually over generations this may have led to populations too small to sustain themselves in particular areas (Finlayson in Wong 2009 135). It may additionally be that the migration of modern hominids into Europe and the near-East placed much pressure on available food resources. The Neanderthals, struggling to adapt to rapidly changing ecologies around them would have had further to compete for their traditional food sources with the newcomers. The elbow grease of homo sapiens out of its African origin and gradually across the planet would certainly have had, then, some effect on the extinction of the Neanderthals. surviving in Africa, modern hominids were taller and lighter than the Neanderthals. They needed less food to survive and function than the Neanderthals they were hence adaptable they used more sophisticated tools and hunting blazon (Gugliotta 2008 139). What explains their

Market Structure Research Proposal Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Market Structure - Research Proposal ExampleA precise research plan has already been made so as to have blue print of what should and should not be done in the process of research. A detailed search for material has been made. Finally, I got all the material on the basis of which the paper is completed. Secondary entropy alone is used in the studies which ar collected from electronic sources. The data collected ar analyzed on the basis of required outcome of the research and only relevant data are written in the paper. No primary source such as market survey or product survey is made for the collection of data and analysis.The paper is prepared in such a manner that each question is followed by its answer so that it will be of immense help oneself to the reader to easily understand the situation. A brief structure of the answer is given belowA perfect market is a situation where there are large number of buyers and sellers and all have free entry to and exit from the market. Fi rms in the perfect market are expense takers. Profit is headstrong by the number of product marketed and the demand for the product. Monopoly is a market structure wherein one seller meets all the demands of the market. Since he is the only seller in the market, the price determined by him is the final price. However, in many cases the existence of monopoly is justified owing to reasons like natural monopoly, legal monopoly and acquired monopoly. But, if there is proper legislation in the country, the problem of monopoly can be reduced. An imperfect market is one which is not a perfect market. Monopoly, Monopolistic and oligopoly arte the examples of imperfect competition. BibliographyG Stigler, (1957)Perfect Competition, Historically Contemplated, Journal of policy-making Economy, vol. LXV. Viewed 19 November, 2008, http//www.economyprofessor.com/economictheories/perfect-competition.phpYogesh Ambedkar, (2005). What does Market Monopoly mean Viewed 19 November, 2008, http//www.bu zzle.com/editorials/1-13-2005-64198.asp Roderick Hill, (March 2006), The Overemphasis on Perfectly Competitive Markets in Microeconomics Principles Textbooks. Viewed 19 November, 2008, http//www.unbsj.ca/arts/economic/ mendeleviumuments/Overemphasisonperfectlycompetitivemarkets.pdf Imperfect Competition notes (n.d.) viewed 19 November, 2008,http//www.scribd.com/doc/4032087/-Imperfect-Competition-notesLecture Outlines (n.d.), Monopolistic Competition and Oligopoly, viewed 19 November, 2008, http//www.humboldt.edu/sh2/econ200/e200notes_week11.htm Investopedia (2008), Perfect Competition, viewed 18 November, 2008, http//www.investopedia.com/terms/p/perfectcompetition.aspPerfect Competition (n.d.), Economy Watch, viewed 19 November, 2008, http//www.economywatch.com/economics-theory/market-theory/prefect-competition.htmlQuestion No. 1.

Popular Culture in the Middle East Class Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Popular Culture in the Middle East Class - Essay Example regime occupies a crucial position in our daily manners endeavors. Indeed, the government defines the condition of our society since it resides with the control and supervisory power. Particularly, any government has a design of managing the countrys people and resources. Consequently, the government designs the scheme that will protect peoples interest and forester peaceful interactions among the citizens. Managing people is a building complex multifaceted procedure that demands critical and rational mind since individuals will always present assorted interests and traits. Apparently, some individuals depict ill interest and traits that pose risks to the society. Builds a role for the government entrusting it with the responsibility of ensuring a monitored environment by the spelling regulations. Importantly, the authority has a role of providing guidance to the citizens. Since governments are entrusted with leadership as it s select duty, the body should be capable of availing proper guidance and clarifications where the need arises. Notably, this guidance ought to be justified since citizens expect genuine solutions and representations out of their government. However, compromised governance may ill-usage these opportunities to impose irrational values in the society. This poses challenges to the role of government in safeguarding the people and their interest since such practices contravenes with principles of good governance (Meier 29). Surprisingly, such governments adopt tactical schemes hence making it difficult for the society to realize their ill practices. Besides managing people, the administration has a role of organizing the countrys property or resources. Apparently, life demands material support hence there arises the concern of managing these resources since they determine our wellbeing. The administrators hence has a role of

Pathophysiology of Late Onset Alzheimer's Disease Research Paper

Pathophysiology of Late Onset Alzheimers Disease - Research Paper ExampleAlzheimers is normally classified into three different groups Early onset, Late onset and familial. This paper analyses the dimensions of late onset Alzheimers. Pathophysiology of Late Onset Alzheimers Disease It is estimated that more than 4.5 jillion people in America alone experiencing Alzheimers currently. Doraiswamy et al, (2009) have mentioned that Alzheimers can occur even at the age of forties or mid-fifties (Doraiswamy et al, 2009, xvii). However, about 90% of the Alzheimers disease patients be victims of Late Onset Alzheimers. Alzheimers victims of more than 65 years of age are normally included in the category of Late Onset Alzheimers. Only 10% of Alzheimers victims are below the age of 65. Normally people below the age of 65 suffers Alzheimers because of tear down syndrome. This type of Alzheimers is known as Early onset Alzheimers. On the other hand, Late Onset Alzheimers disease is caused by her editary and environmental factors. A third type of Alzheimers is known as Familial Alzheimers disease (FAD). In the case of FAD patients, the disease is caused by family history or hereditary. ... It has the superpower to recollect everything in the distant memory while facing problems in recollecting information stored in the recent memory. Bonda et al. (2010) pointed out the imbalances between mitochondrial fission and uniting of cellular telephone proliferation as the reason for Alzheimers. Specifically, the dynamic balance of fission and fusion in AD is greatly shifted toward fission, and, as a result, affected neurons contain abnormal mitochondria that are unable to meet the metabolic demands of the cell(p.181). It should be noted that fission is the process of breaking of cells whereas fusion is the process of combining cells. Both fission and fusion are necessary body mechanisms to maintain good memory. However, in the case of patients with Alzheimers fission mechanism occ urs more while fusion mechanism occurs less. As a result of that cell proliferation procedures will be troubled and the communication though neurons become defective. It should be noted that neurons are responsible for sending instructions from the brain to different parts of body. This communication process may become defective because of the imbalances in fusion and fission. Risk Factors Advanced age is the primary jeopardy factor for AD risk doubles every 5 years after the age of 65. Additional risk factors include having a first-degree relative with AD Down syndrome head trauma certain environmental exposures, including metals, infection, and toxins decreased estrogen levels and mutations in the APP, PSEN1, PSEN2, or APOE genes. Cardiovascular disease, cardiovascular risk factors (e.g., hypertension, obesity, dyslipidemia, insulin resistance), depression, and certain lifestyle choices (e.g.,

M6 discussion Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

M6 discussion - Assignment Exampleequired (examining whole population will take much more sentence than a test), budget is limited (cost of examining few individuals will be low as compared to whole population), or sensitive information (such as sexual torture in a large organization) is examined.A population proportion may be appropriate to use when population is small, required essay size is constraining to population, database already exists (if the data are on disk, we can examine 100% of the cases), or there is a legal requirement (The 2010 decennial population census).The large sample confidence separation is a range (or an interval) of values used to estimate the population characteristic. The interval is estimated using sample data. A confidence interval is associated with a confidence aim (such as 95% or 99%) that gives us the success rate of the procedure used to construct the confidence interval. The confidence level is the probability that the confidence interval actually does contain the population characteristic, assuming that the estimation process is repeated large come in of times. A large sample confidence interval can be constructed for a single proportion or for a difference in proportions.The large sample confidence interval can be used for making inference from the biological experiments. For example, suppose we take a sample of seeds for any given plant and count the number of germinated seeds. Now, from this sample proportion, we can give an estimate of population proportion for the number of seeds that will be germinated by using the large sample confidence interval for a single proportion

Charlie Chaplin & the Little Tramp Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Charlie Chaplin & the Little Tramp - Essay ExampleSusan Beegel has recently offered the intriguing speculation that the character f Manuel Garcia was based partially on the nineteenth-century matador Manuel Garcia El Espartero. (Beegel 12-23) Hemingways article in the Toronto Star Weekly (October 17, 1923) continues to suggest, however, that the character in question was inspired largely by Manuel Garcia Lopez, called Maera, and his chaotic bullfight at Pamplona in July 1923. Hemingway was a relatively inexperienced spectator when he wrote the article for the Toronto Star Weekly. In fact, he had never seen a bullfight until earlier that spring, and the title f the article, World Series f Bullfighting a Mad, Whirling Carnival, (White 99-108) characterizes his rather unsubtle response to what he saw. By contrast, in the so-called toy dog that he wrote about the fictionalized finish f Maera-shortly after seeing the fight-Hemingways tone is, despite the subject matter, coldly, if not grotesquely, ironic.Although he had completed a draft f the miniature by late July, he apparently revised it in response to Ezra Pounds comments, because he wrote Pound that he had redone the death f Maera altogether different.... The new death is good. (Baker 91)Although Hemingway is not, ... Indeed, the potential comedy f Maeras cinematic death was not lost on Scott Fitzgerald, who parodied the miniature in a letter to Hemingway in the fall f 1926, a year after the miniature appeared as Chapter XIV f In Our Time The King f Bulgaria began to whirl round and round.... Soon he was whirling faster and faster. Then he was dead. By the time Fitzgerald wrote him, however, Hemingway had long since moved from comparing Maeras death (in the miniature) to a sped-up film, to comparing Manuel Garcias bullfight (in The Undefeated) to a pratfall ballet which echoed not just Maeras bullfight at Pamplona in 1923 but the antics f Chaplins comic crumb, little Charlie. Comic bullfights featuring clo wns dressed like Chaplins little tramp were very popular in Spain and France in the Twenties and Thirties. (Campbell 42) And perhaps Hemingway was influenced solely by having seen a bullfight involving Charlie Chaplins, as he calls them in The Undefeated. But thither is a good possibility that he was inspired to employ the tramp as an analogue in The Undefeated by a conversation he had with Fitzgeralds close friend Edmund Wilson, who had written what he called a great super-ballet f New York for the Swedish Ballet--a pantomime explained by movie captions and with a section f movie film in the middle, for which Ornstein is composing the music and in which we hope to get Chaplin to act. (Wilson 117) Hemingway had first met Wilson in New York, in January 1924 (see Selected Letters, 103, Notes) and apparently learned about the projected ballet at this time. On October 18, 1924, a month before he completed The Undefeated (see Selected Letters, 133), originally entitled The Bullfighters,

Why are ethical considerations important in contermporary social Essay

Why are ethical considerations important in contermporary hearty research - Essay ExampleThis essay will attempt to give explanations as to why ethical considerations are important in contemporary social research.In the ethical guidelines from the Social Research Association (2003), a social scientist has a sense of obligation to certain key stakeholders of the research they are undertaking. This kernel that the social scientist must fulfill these obligations. They include an obligation to the society in which the research is taking place. A researcher has to ensure that information collection is through with(p) under scientific methods and without subjectivity that the researcher may feel towards the society. The second obligation is to the sponsors or employers of the researcher, where the researcher is required to ensure that the relationship is well be and do not influence the findings of the research being undertaken. The third obligations fall to the colleagues in the fiel d of the social research. This duty is fulfilled by the researcher ensuring that lofty standards of collection of data and analysis are maintained for the benefit of all researchers who are involved in the field. This promotes trust in the research findings because of the high level of professionalism. The fourth obligation is to the subjects that will take part in the research the e4thical consideration dictates that the subjects should be made aware of all that entails being part of the fussy research. This information is necessary so that the subjects can be able to make informed decisions about their participation.Following the broad aspect of ethical guidelines stated above, it is empty that for a contemporary social research to be undertaken, there are a couple of things that need to be fulfilled to ensure that the findings are not tainted in anyway by using un-scientific methods. These are the ethical considerations that need to

Differentiating Between Market Structures Coursework

Differentiating Between Market Structures - Coursework ExampleIn such context, fast food outlets leave alone be the best place to grab a precooked burger and a hot beverage for the morning meal. With increasing consumption of fast food, America is experiencing meaning(a) growth in the industry. Market statistics indicate that this industry is likely to experience a boost hence its future prospects seem promising. Organizations in the Fast nutrient Industry In practical context, examples of established systems within the fast food industry include McDonalds, Burger King and Kentucky Fried Chicken, among other companies. Within the essay, we will concenter on Kentucky Fried Chicken, which features as one of the most successful business franchise in the world. Kentucky entered the industry, upon which it established itself as an icon in preparation and change of chicken products and other fast food items. It is known for its finger licking chicken and attracts a wide range of cons umers into its outlets worldwide. Currently, the organization has franchises located in variant geographical regions including China and Indian food markets. With current increase in fast food consumption, Kentucky Fried Chicken is repositioning itself in the global market in order to reap maximum benefits. Within the American market and beyond, Kentucky is tied with other established fast food giants like McDonalds, Wendys and Burger King. ... r of buyers and sellers, take aim of challenger, prospects of market entry and range of products and attends offered to consumers within a given market segment. Based on these attributes, the four basic market structures include amend competition, oligopoly, monopolistic competition and monopoly. Kentucky Fried chicken operates its business within a perfect competition environment. Characteristics of Perfect Competition From a theoretical perspective, perfect competition is sometimes referred to as pure competition. In ideal situation, pure competition is characterized by presence of numerous sellers all offering identical products and services to authorisation consumers. Because all products and services offered are identical, then each seller enjoys a proportionate share of the market. According to Colander (2010), prices within such a market are not determined by a single seller. Rather, price elasticity of demand is attributed to consumer preference based on merit of product and service offered by a given seller. Consequently, price of goods tend to be stable since no single seller had the economic influence to induce price dynamics. In this regard, consumers are protected from illegal pricing techniques since all sellers shall have to adhere to prevailing market regulations created by competition. In actual sense, perfect competition whitethorn not exist as ideally portrayed in theoretical constructs. However, typical characteristics of firms in practical business settings will place each organization under one of the market structures mentioned above. Marketing Structure of Kentucky Fried Chicken Kentucky Fried Chicken operates within an environment with infinite number of product sellers. Currently, in that respect are thousands of fast food outlets across the world. Some of these

Product Liability Lawsuit against Toyota Research Paper

Product Liability Lawsuit against Toyota - Research Paper ExampleThey confessed the problem into the designing and inform to get the vehicles back. It was a product safety issue which had to be faced by a world top class car manufacturer. The negative propaganda was started and then(prenominal) it was then investigated by internal as well as external experts.After the examination of the various samples, it was no more a doubt that the design was faulty in real. It was a mega decision to call it back (Product Safety Civil Penalties Improvement Act, 2007). It brought billion dollars loss for the throwers. A total of 10 one thousand thousand vehicles across the globe faced the same problem and this was strictly called into action. The company had to pay $50 million for the record fines and is facing several lawsuits and the huge incertitude mark on the credibility of the company. In the class-action lawsuits, there were claims of over $100 million dollars and the market value went down by $30 billion. However, that was not a time to blame anything. The reputation of Toyota motors was rapidly gone down in a few weeks. After the announcement of taking the vehicles back, the experts analyzed the scenario according to their own judgment and available information. Some of the critiques even revealed that it was a deliberate publicity stunt. Whatever it was, but Toyota motors evident the history with a unique case which was never before.

GDP as a measure of development Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

GDP as a measure of development - Essay ExampleTodaro and smith elaborates that GDP is the total net output of goods and function produced by the countrys thrift, within a countrys territory, by residents and non-residents, regardless of its parcelling between domestic and foreign claims (815). GDP is different from the gross national product or GNP in this sense while the GNP refers to the final value of goods and services produced by citizens of a country, the GDP refers to the final value of goods and services produced by a territory or the country. Thus, the GDP includes all outputs of goods and services in the territory of the country, whether that output were from aliens or citizens. In contrast, the GNP covers only the output of goods and services of citizens whether that output was produced inside or outside the territory of a country. The term final goods and services are meant to emphasize that the concept of the GDP seeks to parry double counting of goods and service s. For example, if a certain input is part of a certain output, the value of the input is non counted but only the value of the final output. The GDP count only the output currently produced (Dornbusch, 36). Thus, for example, the value excludes elder houses but includes new house construction (Dornbusch, 36). Dornbusch et al. noted the following difficulties of GDP measurement (36-38) 1. GDP is unable to measure some of a territorys outputs because they are not traded in the market. 2. GDP does not subtract anything for environmental pollution. Goods and services may have been produced but at high costs to the environment of the nation. 3. GDP does not factor the quality of goods or the improvements in the quality of goods. Baumol and Binder defined GDP as a measure of the size of the economy or the total amount it produces in a year and noted the following limitations of GDP as a measure (23, 90-91) 1. GDP is not a measure of a countrys well-being but, at the same time, it was never intended to be one. 2. Only market activity is included in the GDP and this explains why African countries can survive on $ 5 per week. 3. International comparisons can be misleading if we use GDP because we are not comparing the same sparing activities many things that are counted in the GDP of the rich countries are not counted in the GDP of the poor countries. 4. GDP places no value on leisure. Baumol and Binder argued that as a country gets richer, its citizens acquire more leisure time and the value of the leisure goes up. 5. GDP can as well overstate how a country is well-off because even the bads are counted in GDP accounting. According to Baumol and Binder, even disaster can bloat the GDP as houses or properties are reconstructed once a natural or man-made disaster strikes similar to the 9/11. Hall and Lieberman enumerated the following problems with regard to touchstone the GDP (539-540) 1. GDP statistics can be inaccurate, especially among developing countries. 2. Many countries, especially developing economies have an underground economy. The underground economy includes hidden economic activity. The hidden economic activity can in any case include illegal economic activities, especially those involved in drugs, prostitution, many gambling activities, and those that seek to avoid taxes. 3. Many countries, especially the developing economies, have large areas where food is grown and consumed by farmers and many goods do not enter the market. 4. Household activities are also not included in GDP accounting. Parenting is not counted in the GDP unlike daycare programs. Takeouts are counted in the GDP but not homecooked food. Therapy is counted in the GDP but not talking to a friend. For Scott and Miles, there are at least two issues in using GDP as a measure. The first

What is the essence of philosophy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

What is the sum of philosophy - Essay Examplen order to define what the essence of philosophy really is, I decided to examine the range of philosophers and philosophies that we have covered in class.In Chinese history there are tales of philosophers who set an emphasis on finding a way of living a good demeanor, which suggests that philosophy has to do with morality and self-control and this is very similar to slightly of the moral philosophy as taught by the ancient Greek philosopher Socrates. It is also similar to some of the teachings in the major world religions which see human life as a journey towards enlightenment or a preparation for an afterlife. This contrasts very strongly with some of the medieval European philosophers who emphasized the use of reason, and the major power of thinking through issues using logical trains of thought. In the twentieth century there has been a considerable emphasis on language and on empiric problems like the meaning of human life. In th e twenty first century there is a growing realisation of the fragile nature of the planet background and the need for human beings to find ways of living that are in harmony with nature, rather than just pursuing materialist aims, and disregarding or even destroying the surround around them. The most noticeable feature of philosophy appears to be its diversity. It changes from place to place and from one time period to the next.All of these different approaches can be called philosophy and one way of defining the essence of philosophy is to establish what it is that they all have in common. I think that asking questions is a essential part of philosophy, and then weighing up the answers that are found in such a way that new questions are asked and a continuous emergence of asking, answering, reflecting and asking again then follows. This is not exactly the same as the kind of questions that are asked by scientists, who are mostly interested in how the elements in the world behave and what rules exist in the universe. Philosophy explores

Influence of Technology in Visual Art Essay Example for Free

Influence of Technology in Visual Art EssayHow does technology influence visual art? And how does photography influence the development of painting? This essay considers the impact of technology on the visual art and how this technology accelerated the development of the art and how people respond, set and incorporate modernistic technology into their own work. The impact of technology in visual arts has been in photography. Willian Melin stated that, the dominant forces during the past century has been modern technology and has affected virtually every aspect of modern life social, political, economic and cultural (Melin p. 3).Photography has influenced many painters and has admitted its impact on their work. Their art was greatly affected by this new medium. The effect of this technology was not only to alter the world of painting and the role of the painter but also to consumption it as a new method or tool to develop their work. Some Artists uses photographs as the basis of their painting or as a credit rating or guidelines. One of the photographs first benefits to the painter was its possible use as a sketch. The photograph could capture exactly a face, a pose, a scene and even actions of different consummation.The earliest work by photographers Eadward Muybridge and Etienne-Jules Marey influenced among many painters such as Edgar Degas, Giacomo Balla and Marcel Duchamp. When in the late 1870s, Muybridges snapshots of the tool locomotion, specially the studies of horses different gaits, came to be known in France and the United States (de Duve p. 114). Eadweard Muybridge was known for his early use of multiple cameras to study motion. Muybridges photographic motion study shows by separating motion into a series of stills. Each subject shows us series of motion as parts in the subject.These cameras capture the image, introducing a single moment from all possible movements of the subject in motion. Taken as a whole, he presents us with an idea of the motion when projected cursorily on a screen in proper sequence creating rapid consecutive intervals of number of images following one after the other, the motion becomes clear. With this demonstration at a meeting of the San Francisco Art Association on May 4, 1880, moving pictures were born (Newhall p. 336). Muybridges motion studies are considered to be a vital step in the development of photography to motion pictures as we know them today.

Great Expectations Essay Example for Free

Great Expectations EssayThe audience have witnessed the pursuit, and had a brief glance at the face of the convict they have seen the airborne geese above the marshes, and they requisite to know what will happen When examining the snap, one has to regard the social con text editionual matter in which the film was made. turn tails version was created the year after the Second World War. pot would probably need their morale boosted after the six years of conflict, and the film was probably intended to make people feel happier. In the closing stages of the Lean film, Pip meets Estella in Miss Havershams house.He pulls down the curtain, lighting the room, and shouts at Estella look around you death and decay you do not belong hither you must get away from this place get with me into the sunlight. I believe that this is a metaphor death and decay is the war and Estella represents the people of Britain. They can come out into the sunlight, and leave the war behind them. L ean is reminding the audience that they can forget the war, and go on to lead new lives. Lean also attempts to disgorge across a moral message. When Pip is a child his conscience speaks to him and the audience.As he makes his way downstairs to steal the food there is a voice whispering, wake up Mrs. Joe, wake up Mrs. Joe, wake up Mrs. Joe. This effect does appear in the original text, either crack in every board calling after me stop thief and Get up Mrs Joe. A similar device is that of the talking cows. Lean uses this, but again, Marchant decides not to, preferring a more(prenominal) realistic approach. The cows provide an element of humour in the film, but I feel that in the book they were included mainly to control the audience a glimpse of Pips conscience and not to provide comedy.This also gives the film a touch of originality. Before the 1940s a large measurement of film sound was simple and ill-conceived the audience saw a car, therefore the audience should hear a car . Consequently, when the audience saw a cow, they were probably expecting to hear cow, not a human voice. Now, however, in an age when talking animals appear in most childrens television programs, the modern audiences are not believably to be surprised by the effect. Another aspect to take in consideration is the media for which the productions were originally created.The BBC version was written for the television, bringing the characters into the home. I assume that Leans film was originally created for the cinema. Lean shows this in many ways. The modern audience can recognize that aspects such as the silhouetted gibbets would have a greater impact when shown on the large screen. Both films are set many decades before the dates they were made, and neither audience had experiences of the period in which the story was set. Marchants version is an attempt at an finished historical representation of the Victorian age.I feel that Lean decided to concentrate more on storyline, and the following of Dickens text rather than cosmos fixated in creating an accurate historical representation of Victorian Britain. Dickens had written from his own first hand experience of the era, so he knew what had happened. The descriptions of the characters in the text are very precise, and Lean has concentrated on creating the individuals that Dickens described. This is probably what the audience would expect.The post-war audience would want to look back on the age of imperium in the way that Dickens did, but in the 1990s, a new approach is expected by the increasingly changing audience. Dickens is generally considered as boring and tedious, and the Marchant film attempts to give a fresh, 20th century makeover to one of Britains most celebrated authors. To conclude, I feel that, considering the circumstances in which it was made, Leans film was the more successful of the two. In post war Britain there was not a huge amount of money for making films, and there was limited technolo gy useable for the production.Materials were expensive and scarce, and could not be easily obtained. The film manages to make the opening sequence terrifying, exciting and tense, without using excessive violence or disturbing images. It manages to draw the novel in a realistic way, and his storyline is truer to the original than the BBC version. Sonya Shah Page 1 of 4 Show preview only The above preview is unformatted text This student written piece of work is one of many that can be found in our GCSE Great Expectations section.

Causes of the Civil War Essay Example for Free

Causes of the Civil fight Essay North was opposed to thrall firearm the South was pro bondage The primary conflict of the civil war was whether the states had the right to decide what they wanted to do with slavery. (radical abolition vs pro slavery) mavin of the arising conflicts that led to the American Civil war was the growing abolition movement in the North which was an effort to end slavery in a commonwealth that valued personal freedom and believed all men are created equal. Abolitionists William Lloyd Garrison The voice of Abolitionism. Originally a supporter of colonization, Garrison changed his position and became the leader of the emerging anti-slavery movement.His publication, THE LIBERATOR, reached thousands of individuals worldwide. His ceaseless, uncompromising position on the moral outrage that was slavery made him loved and hated by many Americans. Although The Liberator was Garrisons most prominent abolitionist activity, he had been involved in the f ight to end slavery for years prior to its publication. In 1831, Garrison published the first edition of The Liberator. His words, I am in earnest I will not equivocate I will not excuse. I will not retreat a single pass on AND I WILL BE HEARD, clarified the position of the NEW ABOLITIONISTS. Garrison was not interested in compromise. He founded the NEW ENGLAND ANTI-SLAVERY SOCIETY the following year. Frederick Douglass natural a slave in Maryland escaped to MA in 1838, became an outspoken leader of antislavery sentiment. Douglass served as an adviser to President Abraham Lincoln during the Civil War and fought for the adoption of constitutional amendments that guaranteed voting rights and other civil liberties for blacks. He provided a powerful voice then that was championing human rights. He is mute revered right away for his contributions against racial injustice.He also helped people escape to the North from the underground Railroad. Pro Slavery John C. Calhoun He believe d that slavery was a good positive good. Calhoun endorsed slavery as a good a great good, based on his belief in the inequality inherent in the human race.Calhoun believed that people were prompt primarily by self-interest and that competition among them was a positive expression of human nature. The results of this competition were displayed for all to see in the social order those with the superior talent and ability rose to the top, and the rest fell into place beneath them.The concepts of liberty and equality, idealized during the Revolutionary period, were potentially destructive to this social order, Calhoun believed. With the stratification of society, those at the top were recognized as authority figures and respected for their proven wisdom and ability. If the revolutionary ideal of equality were taken too far, the authority of the elite would not be accepted. Without this authority, Calhoun argued, society would break d stimulate and the liberty of all men would be thre atened.Political short bounds Dred Scott (1795-1858) was a slave who, in the 1840s, chose to carry out his masters widow for his freedom. He argued that his master, John Emerson, escorted him onto free soil in Illinois and the Wisconsin Territory, and thus had legallyeven if inadvertently granted him freedom. In 1857, the show window reached the unify States Supreme Court. The Justices ruled against Scott. John Emersons widow had since remarried, and she returned Scott, his wife, and his daughters to their owners, the Blow family, in May 1857, just months after the ruling. Both Dred and Harriet Scott died shortly thereafter, never to witness the legacy of their fight.The Dred Scott case was a major event on the road to the Civil War. The Supreme Courts provocative opinionwhich stated flatly that blacks had no rights which the white man was kick to respect and rejected the right of any territory to ban slavery within its own bordersinflamed public opinion in the North, leading to a hardening of anti slavery attitudes and a surge in popularity for the new antislavery republican Party. The south wanted less government control, and more state freedom, while the North welcomed the central power of a government. Because of the strong animosity toward abolitionists in the South and the thought that Abraham Lincoln embodied these abolitionist ideals, he was left away of the ballot in many Southern states, and the more radical of the states, including South Carolina, threatened to secede from the Union if Lincoln was elected president. Despite believing that the Republican Partys platforms were too moderate, abolitionist, for the large part, supported Lincoln. Lincoln lost the popular vote by nearly two million votes yet won the Electoral College by nearly sixty votes.Despite the fractured Democratic party, had they nominated only one president and still maintained all the votes the received between three candidates, they still would have lost the election reg ardless of also having more popular votes than Lincoln. The election itself is possibly the most significant election in American recital due to the monumental issue of slavery and how divided the country was, so divided that when Lincoln was elected (it was only the second national presidential push ever run by the newly formed Republican Party), radically proslavery states of the South kept true to their threat and seceded from the United States. (he was a free soiler, he was willing to let slavery stay in the south as long as it did not spread.) The South viewed the election of Abraham Lincoln, as president, as a threat to slavery. After Abraham Lincoln was elected president in 1860, the South threatened to secede from the United States that questioned State Rights.Economic short and long term causes the vast majority of industrial manufacturing was taking place in the North. The South had almost 25% of the countrys free population, but only 10% of the countrys capital in 186 0. The North had five times the number of factories as the South, and over ten times the number of factory workers. In addition, 90% of the nations skilled workers were in the North. The labor forces in the South and North were fundamentally different, as well. In the North, labor was expensive, and workers were mobile and active. The influx of immigrants from Europe and Asia provided competition in the labor market, however, keeping allowance from growing very quickly. The Southern economy, however, was built on the labor of African American slaves, who were oppressed into providing cheap labor. Most Southern white families did not own slaves only about 384,000 out of 1.6 million did. Of those who did own slaves, most (88%) owned fewer than 20 slaves, and were considered farmers rather than planters. Slaves were concentrated on the large plantations of about 10,000 boastful planters, on which 50-100 or more slaves worked. Since Eli Whitneys 1793 invention of the cotton gin, th e cotton industry became a lucrative field for Southern planters and farmers. Utilizing slave labor, cotton planters and farmers could cut cost as they produced cotton for sale to other regions and for export to England. In exchange, Southern farmers and planters purchased manufactured goods from the North, food items from the West and imported luxuries like European designer clothes and furniture from England. The growth of the Southern cotton industry served as an engine of growth for the entire nations economy in the antebellum (pre-war) years. The other critical sparing issue that divided the North from the South was that of tariffs. Tariffs were taxes placed on imported goods, the money from which would go to the government Southern Congressmen largely opposed it and Northern Congressmen generally supported it. Southerners generally favored low tariffs because this kept the cost of imported goods low, which was important in the Souths import-oriented economy. Southern plante rs and farmers were concerned that tall tariffs might make their European trading partners, primarily the British, raise prices on manufactured goods imported by the South in order to maintain a profit on trade. North, however, high tariffs were viewed favorably because such tariffs would make imported goods more expensive. That way, goods produced in the North would seem relatively cheap, and Americans would want to buy American goods instead of European items. Since tariffs would foster domestic industry from foreign competition, business interests and others influenced politicians to support high tariffs.